Elevate Your Testosterone
KYZATREX® is a safe, effective and painless option for Testosterone Replacement Therapy
- Includes Provider + Medication + Labs
- No Hidden Fees & No Insurance Needed
- Blood Work Required (included)
- No Commitment to Get Started
- Includes Provider + Medication + Labs
- No Hidden Fees & No Insurance Needed
- Blood Work Required (included)
- No Commitment to Get Started
Signs of
Low Testosterone
When your testosterone levels are “off”, you might be too.
What Can You Do About It?
Be the hero of your life again! Recognize the changes in your body and take action for your health. This decline in testosterone is a public health issue, one that speaks directly to the core of men’s health and well-being.
Low Energy
Sex Drive
Sleeping
Muscle Mass
Bone Density
Gain
Twice-daily oral capsules simplify testosterone treatment.
KYZATREX is clinically proven to boost testosterone levels.
KYZATREX is specially formulated to be gentle on your body, bypassing the liver to prevent damage.
Patient Reported Outcomes
In a clinical study, KYZATREX patients (n=214) reported the following improvements as a result of improved testosterone levels (compared to baseline)2:
Psychosexual Daily Questionnaire (PDQ)
- Overall Level of Sexual Desire
- Positive Mood
- Sexual Activity Score
- Erection Grade
- Erection Duration
Short Form Health Survey (SF-36)
- Fatigue
- Energy
- General Health
- Social Functioning
International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)
- Erectile Function
- Intercourse Satisfaction
- Orgasmic Function
If You Have Low T, You’re Not Alone
More than a third of men over age 45 may have reduced levels of testosterone1
Testosterone is the male sex hormone that is made in the testicles. Testosterone hormone levels are important to normal male sexual development and functions.
During puberty (in the teen years), testosterone helps boys develop male features like body and facial hair, deeper voice, and muscle strength. Men need testosterone to make sperm. Testosterone levels generally decrease with age, so older men tend to have low blood testosterone levels.
Some men have low testosterone levels.This is called Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome (TD) or Low Testosterone (Low T). Deficiency means that the body does not have enough of a needed substance. Syndrome is a group of symptoms that, together, suggest a disease or health condition.
How Does KYZATREX® Work?
KYZATREX®, is an FDA-approved prescription oral testosterone replacement therapy. It offers a different approach to improving testosterone levels in adult men with low testosterone due to certain medical conditions.
KYZATREX® is designed for the modern lifestyle, encapsulating efficacy, an established safety profile, and hassle-free administration in a convenient oral capsule.
KYZATREX® Daily Oral Dosing
Testosterone is the male sex hormone that is made in the testicles. Testosterone hormone levels are important to normal male sexual development and functions.
During puberty (in the teen years), testosterone helps boys develop male features like body and facial hair, deeper voice, and muscle strength. Men need testosterone to make sperm. Testosterone levels generally decrease with age, so older men tend to have low blood testosterone levels.
Some men have low testosterone levels.This is called Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome (TD) or Low Testosterone (Low T). Deficiency means that the body does not have enough of a needed substance. Syndrome is a group of symptoms that, together, suggest a disease or health condition.
Taking KYZATREX® is Easy
Just two oral doses of KYZATREX® a day with food can restore testosterone to normal levels and keep them there.
Flexible Dosing
KYZATREX® offers men a range of oral dosage strengths, customizable to your unique testosterone needs.
Bioavailable
The active ingredient in KYZATREX®, testosterone undecanoate, is absorbed efficiently into the body, bypassing the liver.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is KYZATREX®?
KYZATREX® is an FDA-approved, twice-daily oral capsule for testosterone replacement therapy in adult males with conditions associated with deficiency or absence of endogenous testosterone, also known as hypogonadism. It helps increase testosterone levels, addressing issues like reduced libido, fatigue, and muscle loss. Studies show small increases in systolic blood pressure, especially in those on antihypertensive therapy, with minimal changes in diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. Careful monitoring is recommended for patients with hypertension. Overall, KYZATREX® is effective for testosterone replacement with manageable impacts on blood pressure [1][2].
[1] White, W. B., Bernstein, J. S., Rittmaster, R., & Dhingra, O. (2021). Effects of the oral testosterone undecanoate KYZATREX® on ambulatory blood pressure in hypogonadal men. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 23(7), 1420–1430. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14297
[2] Why KYZATREX®| Safe to Use, Easy to Take, and Up to 96% Effective. (n.d.). KYZATREX®. Retrieved May 17, 2024, from https://www.kyzatrex.com/why-kyzatrex/
How does KYZATREX®work?
KYZATREX® is an oral testosterone replacement therapy. It is absorbed through the lymphatic system, avoiding the liver's initial breakdown, which helps maintain stable testosterone levels. Once in the body, KYZATREX® converts to active testosterone, which binds to receptors in muscles, bones, and other tissues, improving energy, sex drive, and muscle mass. Testosterone works by binding to androgen receptors, which then regulate genes involved in male health and development. This process supports muscle growth, bone density, and sexual function, making KYZATREX® effective in treating low testosterone levels [1][2][3][4][5][6].
[1] Kim, Y., Lee, D., Jo, H., Go, C., Yang, J., Kang, D., & Kang, J. S. (2021). GV1001 interacts with androgen receptor to inhibit prostate cell proliferation in benign prostatic hyperplasia by regulating expression of molecules related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Aging, 13(3), 3202–3217. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.202242
[2] Ayoub, R., Page, S. T., Swerdloff, R. S., Liu, P. Y., Amory, J. K., Leung, A., Hull, L., Blithe, D., Christy, A., Chao, J. H., Bremner, W. J., & Wang, C. (2016). Comparison of the single dose pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of two novel oral formulations of dimethandrolone undecanoate (DMAU): a potential oral, male contraceptive. Andrology, 5(2), 278–285. https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12303
[3] Thomas, P. (2019). Membrane Androgen Receptors Unrelated to Nuclear Steroid Receptors. Endocrinology, 160(4), 772–781. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2018-00987
[4] White, W. B., Bernstein, J. S., Rittmaster, R., & Dhingra, O. (2021). Effects of the oral testosterone undecanoate KYZATREX®on ambulatory blood pressure in hypogonadal men. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 23(7), 1420–1430. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14297
[5] A. Michael Lincoff, Bhasin, S., Panagiotis Flevaris, Mitchell, L. M., Shehzad Basaria, Boden, W. E., Cunningham, G. R., Granger, C. B., Khera, M., Thompson, I. M., Wang, Q., Wolski, K., Davey, D., Vidyasagar Kalahasti, Khan, N., Miller, M. G., Snabes, M. C., Chan, A., Dubcenco, E., & Li, X. (2023). Cardiovascular Safety of Testosterone-Replacement Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2215025
[6] Why KYZATREX®| Safe to Use, Easy to Take, and Up to 96% Effective. (n.d.). KYZATREX®. Retrieved May 17, 2024, from https://www.kyzatrex.com/why-kyzatrex/
What is an undecanoate?
An undecanoate is a type of chemical compound used to make testosterone last longer in the body. Specifically, testosterone undecanoate is testosterone attached to an undecanoate ester, which slows down its release into the bloodstream. This means it provides a steady and prolonged effect, making it useful for testosterone replacement therapy. The undecanoate helps testosterone be absorbed through the lymphatic system when taken orally, avoiding rapid breakdown in the liver and maintaining stable testosterone levels [1][2][3].
[1] Edelstein, D., & Basaria, S. (2010). Testosterone undecanoate in the treatment of male hypogonadism. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 11(12), 2095–2106. https://doi.org/10.1517/14656566.2010.505920
[2] Testosterone undecanoate--oral therapy for male hypogonadism. (1985). Drug and therapeutics bulletin, 23(2), 7–8.
[3] Kapoor, A. (2016). What’s new in testosterone deficiency research? Canadian Urological Association Journal, 10(5-6S), 130. https://doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.3915
What states is the KYZATREX®program available in?
The KYZATREX®program is available in 49 States. The program is currently not available in New York. However, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Connecticut are currently limited to at home labs only (walk-in labs are not an option).
What is testosterone and its role in the body?
Testosterone is a steroid hormone essential for male development and overall health, produced mainly in the testes in men and in smaller amounts in the ovaries in women and the adrenal glands in both sexes. It is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, where the hypothalamus releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), stimulating the pituitary gland to secrete luteinizing hormone (LH), which then acts on the Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone [1][7]. Testosterone is crucial for the development of male reproductive tissues, secondary sexual characteristics such as muscle and bone mass, and body hair growth [1][5]. It plays a critical role in spermatogenesis, the process of sperm production in the testes [1]. As the primary anabolic hormone, testosterone promotes muscle growth and strength, influencing anabolic hormone responses like growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) after resistance exercise [3]. It also helps maintain bone density and strength, reducing the risk of osteoporosis [1]. Additionally, testosterone levels are linked to mood and cognitive functions, with low levels leading to symptoms such as depression, fatigue, and irritability [5]. While testosterone can improve lipid profiles and reduce fat mass, it also poses potential cardiovascular risks, such as increasing blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular events [1][4]. It is essential for maintaining libido and erectile function, influencing sexual desire and the mechanisms involved in erections [5][7]. Testosterone levels naturally decline with age, leading to reduced libido, decreased muscle mass, and increased body fat, with chronic conditions like kidney disease and obesity further impacting levels [7][8]. Environmental factors, such as exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), can also disrupt hormone levels, including testosterone [6]. Understanding testosterone's multifaceted roles is crucial for managing low testosterone levels and optimizing health.
[1] Yeap, B. B., Manning, L., Chubb, P., Handelsman, D. J., Almeida, O. P., Hankey, G. J., & Flicker, L. (2017). Progressive impairment of testicular endocrine function in ageing men: Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone decrease, and luteinizing hormone increases, in men transitioning from the 8th to 9th decades of life. 88(1), 88–95. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.13484
[2] Zhao, J. V., & Schooling, C. M. (2020). The role of testosterone in chronic kidney disease and kidney function in men and women: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study in the UK Biobank. BMC Medicine, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01594-x
[3] Kraemer, W. J., Ratamess, N. A., & Nindl, B. C. (2017). Recovery responses of testosterone, growth hormone, and IGF-1 after resistance exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 122(3), 549–558. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00599.2016
[4] Ruth, K. S., Day, F. R., Tyrrell, J., Thompson, D. J., Wood, A. R., Mahajan, A., Beaumont, R. N., Wittemans, L., Martin, S., Busch, A. S., Erzurumluoglu, A. M., Hollis, B., O’Mara, T. A., McCarthy, M. I., Langenberg, C., Easton, D. F., Wareham, N. J., Burgess, S., Murray, A., & Ong, K. K. (2020). Using human genetics to understand the disease impacts of testosterone in men and women. Nature Medicine, 26(2), 252–258. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0751-5
[5] Cunningham, G. R., Stephens-Shields, A. J., Rosen, R. C., Wang, C., Bhasin, S., Matsumoto, A. M., Parsons, J. K., Gill, T. M., Molitch, M. E., Farrar, J. T., Cella, D., Barrett-Connor, E., Cauley, J. A., Cifelli, D., Crandall, J. P., Ensrud, K. E., Gallagher, L., Zeldow, B., Lewis, C. E., & Pahor, M. (2016). Testosterone Treatment and Sexual Function in Older Men With Low Testosterone Levels. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 101(8), 3096–3104. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-1645
[6] Lewis, R., Johns, L., & Meeker, J. (2015). Serum Biomarkers of Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Relation to Serum Testosterone and Measures of Thyroid Function among Adults and Adolescents from NHANES 2011–2012. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(6), 6098–6114. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120606098
[7] Fugl-Meyer, K., Nilsson, M., Hylander, B., & Mikael Lehtihet. (2017). Sexual Function and Testosterone Level in Men With Conservatively Treated Chronic Kidney Disease. American Journal of Men’s Health, 11(4), 1069–1076. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988317703207
[8] Moran, L. J., Brinkworth, G. D., Martin, S., Wycherley, T. P., Stuckey, B., Lutze, J., Clifton, P. M., Wittert, G. A., & Noakes, M. (2016). Long-Term Effects of a Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing High Protein or High Carbohydrate Weight Loss Diets on Testosterone, SHBG, Erectile and Urinary Function in Overweight and Obese Men. PLOS ONE, 11(9), e0161297. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161297
How does testosterone affect both men and women?
Testosterone, a key hormone, impacts both men and women in various ways. In men, testosterone supports reproductive health by aiding sperm production and maintaining sex drive. It also influences physical traits such as muscle mass, bone density, and body hair growth. Metabolically, testosterone helps regulate fat distribution and stimulates red blood cell production. Additionally, it plays a role in mood regulation and cognitive functions like memory and aggression [1][3][4]. In women, testosterone boosts sexual desire and can affect menstrual cycles. It helps maintain muscle mass and strength, and higher levels can increase body hair. Testosterone also influences fat distribution and helps maintain bone density. The hormone impacts mood and memory, with its effects modulated by both biological and social factors. These multifaceted roles make testosterone crucial for overall health in both sexes [2][5][6].
[1] Bowman, S.B. (2020). DOES TESTOSTERONE AFFECT SEXIST ATTITUDES IN MEN? A SIMULATED ANALYSIS.
[2] DEWIS, P., NEWMAN, M., RATCLIFFE, W. A., & ANDERSON, D. C. (1986). DOES TESTOSTERONE AFFECT THE NORMAL MENSTRUAL CYCLE? Clinical Endocrinology, 24(5), 515–521. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1986.tb03280.x
[3] Cueva, C., Roberts, R. E., Spencer, T. J., Rani, N., Tempest, M., Tobler, P. N., Herbert, J., & Rustichini, A. (2017). Testosterone administration does not affect men’s rejections of low ultimatum game offers or aggressive mood. Hormones and Behavior, 87, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2016.09.012
[4] A. Romero-Martínez, E. González-Bono, Salvador, A., & L. Moya-Albiol. (2015). Declarative verbal memory impairments in middle-aged women who are caregivers of offspring with autism spectrum disorders: The role of negative affect and testosterone. Memory, 24(5), 640–649. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1034727
[5] Dilek Arpaci, Fatma Saglam, Fatma Neslihan Cuhaci, Ozdemir, D., Ersoy, R., & Cakir, B. (2015). Serum testosterone does not affect bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 59(4), 292–296. https://doi.org/10.1590/2359-3997000000085
[6] van Anders, S. M., Steiger, J., & Goldey, K. L. (2015). Effects of gendered behavior on testosterone in women and men. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(45), 13805–13810. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1509591112
What are the signs of low testosterone in men?
Low testosterone, or hypogonadism, can cause a range of symptoms in men that affect physical, sexual, emotional, and cognitive health. Physically, men may experience fatigue, reduced muscle mass, decreased bone density, increased body fat, and lower urinary tract symptoms. Sexually, low testosterone can lead to reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, and fewer morning erections. Emotionally and cognitively, men might face depression, mood changes, and difficulties with concentration and memory. Other signs include loss of body hair, development of breast tissue (gynecomastia), and infertility. These symptoms can significantly impact a man's quality of life, so it is important to seek medical advice if these signs are present [1][2][3][4][5].
[1] Culbert, K. M., Shope, M. M., Sisk, C. L., & Klump, K. L. (2020). Low testosterone is associated with dysregulated eating symptoms in young adult men. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 53(9), 1469–1479. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23320
[2] Machado, F. P., Rhoden, E. L., Pioner, S. R., Halmenschlager, G., de Souza, L. V. B., Lisot, B. C., & Drachler, I. P. (2021). Weight Loss Through Bariatric Surgery in Men Presents Beneficial Effects on Sexual Function, Symptoms of Testosterone Deficiency, and Hormonal Profile. Sexual Medicine, 9(4), 100400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esxm.2021.100400
[3] Kalra, S., Jacob, J., Unnikrishnan, A. G., Bantwal, G., Sahoo, A., Sahay, R., Jindal, S., Agrawal, M. S., Kapoor, N., Saboo, B., Tiwaskar, M., & Kochhar, K. (2023). Expert Opinion on the Diagnosis and Management of Male Hypogonadism in India. International Journal of Endocrinology, 2023, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4408697
[4] Maggi, M., Rastrelli, G., & Corona, G. (2020). Both comorbidity burden and low testosterone can explain symptoms and signs of testosterone deficiency in men consulting for sexual dysfunction. Asian Journal of Andrology, 22(3), 265. https://doi.org/10.4103/aja.aja_61_19
[5] Grossmann, M. (2023). Towards optimising diagnosis and management of male hypogonadism: Commentary on CEN‐2023‐000285 “Standardising the biochemical confirmation of adult male hypogonadism; a joint position statement by the Society for Endocrinology and Association of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine.” Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford. Print), 99(4), 396–397. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.14932
[6] Pencina, K. M., Travison, T. G., Cunningham, G. R., A Michael Lincoff, Nissen, S. E., Khera, M., Miller, M. G., Panagiotis Flevaris, Li, X., Wannemuehler, K., & Bhasin, S. (2023). Effect of Testosterone Replacement Therapy on Sexual Function and Hypogonadal Symptoms in Men with Hypogonadism. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 109(2), 569–580. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgad484
What are the signs of low testosterone in women?
Low testosterone levels in women can cause a range of symptoms that affect physical, sexual, emotional, and cognitive health. Physically, women may experience chronic fatigue, reduced muscle mass, decreased bone density, increased body fat, and changes in body composition. Sexually, low testosterone can lead to reduced libido and vaginal dryness, impacting sexual satisfaction and relationships. Emotionally and cognitively, women might face mood swings, depression, irritability, and difficulties with concentration and memory. Other signs include loss of body hair and reduced fertility due to irregular ovulation and menstrual cycles. These symptoms can significantly impact a woman's quality of life, so it is important to seek medical advice if these signs are present [1][2][3][4][5].
[1] Taranto, P., Diogo, Luciano, Leal, A., Schvartsman, G., & Antonio Carlos Buzaid. (2022). Abstract P4-10-05: Safety and efficacy of low dose topical testosterone for sexual function improvement in women with breast cancer under treatment with ovarian suppression and aromatase inhibitor. Cancer Research, 82(4_Supplement), P4-05. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p4-10-05
[2] Kimball, A., Schorr, M., Meenaghan, E., Bachmann, K., Eddy, K., Misra, M., Schoenfeld, D., Klibanski, A., & Miller, K. (2019). MON-225 A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Low-Dose Testosterone Therapy in Women with Anorexia Nervosa. Journal of the Endocrine Society, 3(Supplement_1). https://doi.org/10.1210/js.2019-mon-225
[3] Reddy, A., Khera, M., Song, J., Park, B., Handing, G., & Patel, S. (2023). (046) Long-term Testosterone Pellet Insertion in Women with Low Libido Shows No Evidence of Erythrocytosis and a Minimal Side Effect Profile. the Journal of Sexual Medicine, 20(Supplement_1). https://doi.org/10.1093/jsxmed/qdad060.045
[4] Dichtel, L. E., Carpenter, L. L., Nyer, M., Mischoulon, D., Kimball, A., Deckersbach, T., Dougherty, D. D., Schoenfeld, D., Fisher, L., Cusin, C., Trinh, N.-H., Pedrelli, P., Yeung, A., Farabaugh, A., Papakostas, G., Chang, T., Chen, J., Cassano, P., Rao, E. M., & Brady, R. (2020). SAT-737 Low-Dose Testosterone Augmentation for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Women: An 8-Week, Two-Site, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Journal of the Endocrine Society, 4(Supplement_1). https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.081
[5] Huang, G., Wharton, W., Travison, T. G., Ho, M. H., Gleason, C., Asthana, S., Bhasin, S., & Basaria, S. (2014). Effects of testosterone administration on cognitive function in hysterectomized women with low testosterone levels: a dose–response randomized trial. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 38(4), 455–461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-014-0213-3
How do I verify that my testosterone is low?
Verifying low testosterone levels involves both clinical evaluation and laboratory testing. Clinically, symptoms such as fatigue, reduced muscle mass, increased body fat, decreased bone density, reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, mood changes, depression, and cognitive decline are assessed. A thorough medical history, including chronic illnesses and medications that might affect hormone levels, is reviewed. Reference ranges typically consider total testosterone levels below 300 ng/dL and free testosterone below 50 pg/mL as low. Results should be correlated with symptoms to make an accurate diagnosis. It's also crucial to investigate and manage any underlying conditions that might contribute to low testosterone [1][2][3][4]. A laboratory panel containing Testosterone, Free Testosterone, SHBG, PSA, Estradiol, and CBC is collected at initial, three months, six months, and every 6 months thereafter.
[1] Infante, M., Pieri, M., S Lupisella, L D'Amore, Bernardini, S., Fabbri, A., Iannetta, M., Andreoni, M., & Morello, M. (2021). Low testosterone levels and high estradiol to testosterone ratio are associated with hyperinflammatory state and mortality in hospitalized men with COVID-19. DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 25(19), 5889–5903. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202110_26865
[2] Maggi, M., Rastrelli, G., & Corona, G. (2020). Both comorbidity burden and low testosterone can explain symptoms and signs of testosterone deficiency in men consulting for sexual dysfunction. Asian Journal of Andrology, 22(3), 265. https://doi.org/10.4103/aja.aja_61_19
[3] Rivas, A. M., Mulkey, Z., Lado-Abeal, J., & Yarbrough, S. (2014). Diagnosing and Managing Low Serum Testosterone. Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 27(4), 321–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2014.11929145
[4] Cunningham, G. R., Stephens-Shields, A. J., Rosen, R. C., Wang, C., Ellenberg, S. S., Matsumoto, A. M., Bhasin, S., Molitch, M. E., Farrar, J. T., Cella, D., Barrett-Connor, E., Cauley, J. A., Cifelli, D., Crandall, J. P., Ensrud, K. E., Fluharty, L., Gill, T. M., Lewis, C. E., Pahor, M., & Resnick, S. M. (2015). Association of Sex Hormones With Sexual Function, Vitality, and Physical Function of Symptomatic Older Men with Low Testosterone Levels at Baseline in the Testosterone Trials. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 100(3), 1146–1155. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-3818
What are the benefits of KYZATREX®compared to other testosterone replacement therapies?
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[1] White, W. B., Bernstein, J. S., Rittmaster, R., & Dhingra, O. (2021). Effects of the oral testosterone undecanoate KYZATREX®on ambulatory blood pressure in hypogonadal men. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 23(7), 1420–1430. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14297
[2] A. Michael Lincoff, Bhasin, S., Panagiotis Flevaris, Mitchell, L. M., Shehzad Basaria, Boden, W. E., Cunningham, G. R., Granger, C. B., Khera, M., Thompson, I. M., Wang, Q., Wolski, K., Davey, D., Vidyasagar Kalahasti, Khan, N., Miller, M. G., Snabes, M. C., Chan, A., Dubcenco, E., & Li, X. (2023). Cardiovascular Safety of Testosterone-Replacement Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2215025
[3] Kovac, J. R., Rajanahally, S., Smith, R. P., Coward, R. M., Lamb, D. J., & Lipshultz, L. I. (2014). Patient Satisfaction with Testosterone Replacement Therapies: The Reasons Behind the Choices. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 11(2), 553–562. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsm.12369
What is the clinical efficacy of KYZATREX®?
KYZATREX® effectively increases serum testosterone levels, with 87.8% of participants reaching normal levels. It alleviates symptoms like fatigue, reduced libido, and muscle loss, and improves overall well-being and psychosexual health [1]. The drug has a stable cardiovascular profile, causing only small increases in systolic blood pressure, with minimal impact on diastolic blood pressure and heart rate [2]. KYZATREX® is well tolerated, with no serious adverse events reported in clinical trials [3].
[1] Dhingra, O. P., Bernstein, J., Barnes, S. D., VanLaanen, H., Wadlington, N., & Chang, J. (2021). Novel Oral Testosterone Formulation Improves Male Well Being Without Compromising International Prostate Symptom Scores. Journal of the Endocrine Society, 5(Supplement_1), A760–A760. https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1546
[2] White, W. B., Bernstein, J. S., Rittmaster, R., & Dhingra, O. (2021). Effects of the oral testosterone undecanoate KYZATREX®on ambulatory blood pressure in hypogonadal men. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 23(7), 1420–1430. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14297
[3] Bernstein, J. S., & Dhingra, O. P. (2024). A phase III, single-arm, 6-month trial of a wide-dose range oral testosterone undecanoate product. Therapeutic Advances in Urology, 16. https://doi.org/10.1177/17562872241241864
Can I use KYZATREX®as a woman?
KYZATREX® is designed for testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in men with low testosterone levels, primarily hypogonadism. Clinical trials have focused on men, so its use in women is not well studied yet. While testosterone therapy can benefit women, especially for conditions like hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in postmenopausal women, it should be used cautiously. Studies show potential risks, including increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke among women using testosterone therapy. If you are a woman considering testosterone therapy, consult a healthcare provider to discuss potential benefits, risks, and suitable options based on your health needs [1][2].
[1] Lopez, D. S., Mulla, J. S., Danielle El Haddad, Md Ibrahim Tahashilder, Efstathia Polychronopolou, Baillargeon, J., Kuo, Y.-F., Gilani, S., & Khalife, W. I. (2023). Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Relation with Cardiovascular Disease in Cisgender Women and Transgender People. the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism/Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 108(12), e1515–e1523. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgad388
[2] Davis, S. R., Baber, R., Panay, N., Bitzer, J., Cerdas Perez, S., Islam, R. M., Kaunitz, A. M., Kingsberg, S. A., Lambrinoudaki, I., Liu, J., Parish, S. J., Pinkerton, J., Rymer, J., Simon, J. A., Vignozzi, L., & Wierman, M. E. (2019). Global Consensus Position Statement on the Use of Testosterone Therapy for Women. Climacteric, 22(5), 429–434. https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2019.1637079
What is Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT)?
Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) is a treatment for men with low testosterone levels, a condition known as hypogonadism. Symptoms of hypogonadism can include decreased libido, fatigue, and loss of muscle mass. To qualify for TRT, you need to have low serum testosterone levels (below 300 to 350 ng/dL) on two separate morning tests and show symptoms of hypogonadism. TRT comes in different forms, such as topical gels and intramuscular injections, and the choice depends on factors like cost and your preference. While TRT can effectively improve symptoms and enhance quality of life, it requires careful selection, shared decision-making with your doctor, and close monitoring due to potential risks. Studies have shown that TRT can help improve symptoms and quality of life in men with low testosterone levels, but there are concerns about possible cardiovascular risks and long-term safety. Guidelines for TRT emphasize the need for personalized treatment plans and following clinical recommendations to avoid misuse. Despite some controversies, TRT is a commonly used treatment for hypogonadism, with ongoing research to better understand its benefits and risks.
[1] Snow, L. (2023). Hormone Therapy: Testosterone Replacement Therapy. FP Essentials, 531, 7–14. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37603880/
[2] Park, H., Ahn, S., & Moon, D. (2019). Evolution of Guidelines for Testosterone Replacement Therapy. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(3), 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8030410
[3] Skiba, R., Rymarz, A., Matyjek, A., Dymus, J., Woźniak-Kosek, A., Syryło, T., Zieliński, H., & Niemczyk, S. (2022). Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. Nutrients, 14(16), 3444. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14163444
How is the KYZATREX® testosterone therapy administered?
KYZATREX® testosterone therapy is administered orally, in pill form. This method is designed to be convenient and maintain stable testosterone levels in the body. Oral testosterone undecanoate is effective for increasing testosterone levels in individuals with hypogonadism. Compared to traditional methods like injections, patches, or gels, the oral form is less invasive and can improve compliance and comfort [1].
[1] Miller, J., Nguyen, T., Loeb, C., Khera, M., & Yafi, F. A. (2023). Oral testosterone therapy: past, present, and future. Sexual Medicine Reviews, 11(2), 124–138. https://doi.org/10.1093/sxmrev/qead003
How long does it take to see results from KYZATREX® testosterone therapy?
The time it takes to see results from KYZATREX® testosterone therapy can vary depending on the specific outcomes being measured and the individual patient's response. Improvements in libido and sexual function can begin within the first few weeks of therapy. Enhancements in mood, energy levels, and overall sense of well-being typically become noticeable within the first 1-3 months, along with increases in muscle mass and strength. Improvements in bone density and reductions in the risk of osteoporosis generally become noticeable after 3-6 months of consistent therapy, and changes in body composition, such as a reduction in fat mass and an increase in lean muscle mass, typically become more evident after several months. For individuals with type 2 diabetes, improvements in glycemic control, such as reductions in HbA1c levels, may take up to 6-12 months to become significant. Positive effects on cardiovascular health, such as improved lipid profiles, may also take several months to a year to become apparent. Long-term benefits, including enhancements in cognitive function, memory, processing speed, and overall quality of life, are often observed with extended therapy. It is important to note that individual responses to TRT can vary, and regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential to ensure optimal dosing and manage any potential side effects. Adjustments to the therapy may be necessary based on the patient's response and any side effects experienced. In summary, while some benefits of Kyzatrex testosterone therapy can be observed within the first few weeks, most significant improvements in symptoms and overall health typically occur over several months of consistent treatment. Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is crucial to achieving the best outcomes [1][2].
[1] Bernstein, J. S., & Dhingra, O. P. (2024). A phase III, single-arm, 6-month trial of a wide-dose range oral testosterone undecanoate product. Therapeutic Advances in Urology, 16. https://doi.org/10.1177/17562872241241864
[2] Bouloux, P. M. G., Legros, J.-J., Elbers, J. M. H., Geurts, T. B. P., Kaspers, M. J. G. H., Meehan, A. G., & Meuleman, E. J. H. (2013). Effects of oral testosterone undecanoate therapy on bone mineral density and body composition in 322 aging men with symptomatic testosterone deficiency: a 1-year, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study. The Aging Male, 16(2), 38–47. https://doi.org/10.3109/13685538.2013.773420
What are the potential benefits of KYZATREX® testosterone therapy?
KYZATREX® testosterone therapy can offer several benefits for individuals with testosterone deficiency. It can improve sexual function by enhancing libido and erectile function, and it can boost mood and emotional well-being by alleviating symptoms of depression, irritability, and fatigue. TRT can also increase muscle mass and strength, improve bone density, and help prevent osteoporosis. For individuals with type 2 diabetes, TRT can improve glycemic control and insulin sensitivity. Additionally, TRT may positively impact cardiovascular health, cognitive functions like memory and processing speed, and overall quality of life. However, TRT should be administered under medical supervision, with regular monitoring to ensure safety and manage potential risks such as increased red blood cell count and cardiovascular concerns [1][2][3][4][5].
[1] Renke, G., & Tostes, F. (2023). Cardiovascular Safety and Benefits of Testosterone Implant Therapy in Postmenopausal Women: Where Are We? Pharmaceuticals, 16(4), 619. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16040619
[2] Lawton, J., & Amjad, M. (2023). Weighing the Benefits and Drawbacks of Testosterone Replacement Therapy. Sciential - McMaster Undergraduate Science Journal, 10. https://doi.org/10.15173/sciential.v1i10.3364
[3] Yeo, S., Holl, K., Peñaherrera, N., Wissinger, U., Anstee, K., & Wyn, R. (2021). Burden of Male Hypogonadism and Major Comorbidities, and the Clinical, Economic, and Humanistic Benefits of Testosterone Therapy: A Narrative Review. ClinicoEconomics and Outcomes Research, Volume 13, 31–38. https://doi.org/10.2147/ceor.s285434
[4] Kumari, K., Kumar, R., Memon, A., Kumari, B., Tehrim, M., Kumari, P., Shehryar, M., Islam, H., Islam, R., Khatri, M., Kumar, S., & Kumar, A. (2023). Treatment with Testosterone Therapy in Type 2 Diabetic Hypogonadal Adult Males: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clinics and Practice, 13(2), 454–469. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract13020041
[5] Fatih Aktoz, Ali Can Gunes, & Cemal Tamer Erel. (2023). What is the Role of Testosterone Therapy in Postmenopausal Women? A SWOT Analysis. Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology, 50(8), 159–159. https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ceog5008159
Can KYZATREX® testosterone therapy treat erectile dysfunction (ED)?
KYZATREX® testosterone therapy can be used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED), particularly in men with low testosterone levels (hypogonadism). Studies show that testosterone therapy can significantly improve ED symptoms in hypogonadal men, with 91.9% of young men with organic ED reporting improvement after therapy [1]. Combining testosterone therapy with PDE5 inhibitors, like sildenafil, has proven effective for men who do not respond to PDE5 inhibitors alone, restoring erectile function in 70% of diabetic participants [2]. Long-term testosterone therapy has shown benefits in improving erectile function in men with functional hypogonadism and obesity, with significant improvements noted over up to 13 years [5]. Testosterone therapy has also been effective in men with venous leakage, with some reporting significant improvement within 12-20 weeks of treatment [3]. Additionally, in men with type 2 diabetes and hypogonadism, long-acting testosterone undecanoate improved sexual function and quality of life, including better IIEF scores [4]. Regular monitoring and a tailored approach by healthcare providers are essential to maximize benefits and manage potential risks.
[1] Song, J., G Saffati, Naeem, T., Biles, B., Pierce, H., Lipshultz, L., & Khera, M. (2024). (160) Improving Symptoms in Young Men with Erectile Dysfunction: Testosterone Therapy with or Without PDE5 Inhibitors. the Journal of Sexual Medicine, 21(Supplement_1). https://doi.org/10.1093/jsxmed/qdae001.151
[2] Kalinchenko, S. Y., Kozlov, G. I., Gontcharov, N. P., & Katsiya, G. V. (2003). Oral testosterone undecanoate reverses erectile dysfunction associated with diabetes mellitus in patients failing on sildenafil citrate therapy alone. The Aging Male: The Official Journal of the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male, 6(2), 94–99. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12898793/
[3] Yassin, A., Saad, F., & Traish, A. M. (2006). Testosterone Undecanoate Restores Erectile Function in a Subset of Patients with Venous Leakage: A Series of Case Reports. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 3(4), 727–735. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2006.00267.x
[4] Hackett, G., Cole, N., Bhartia, M., Kennedy, D., Raju, J., & Wilkinson, P. (2013). Testosterone Replacement Therapy with Long‒Acting Testosterone Undecanoate Improves Sexual Function and Quality‒of‒Life Parameters vs. Placebo in a Population of Men with Type 2 Diabetes. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 10(6), 1612–1627. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsm.12146
[5] Saad, F., Haider, K. S., Haider, A., Doros, G., & A Traish. (2023). (396) Effects of Long-term Testosterone Therapy in Men with Functional Hypogonadism and Obesity on Weight, Waist Circumference, and Erectile Function – Results from a Registry Study. the Journal of Sexual Medicine, 20(Supplement_1). https://doi.org/10.1093/jsxmed/qdad060.370
What are the potential side effects of KYZATREX® testosterone therapy?
KYZATREX® may cause a small increase in 24-hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure, especially in those on antihypertensive therapy. Diastolic blood pressure and heart rate changes are minimal. Other potential side effects include headaches, mood changes, and increased red blood cell count. Monitoring is recommended for patients with hypertension or those on antihypertensive drugs to manage potential risks [1][2].
[1] White, W. B., Bernstein, J. S., Rittmaster, R., & Dhingra, O. (2021). Effects of the oral testosterone undecanoate KYZATREX® on ambulatory blood pressure in hypogonadal men. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 23(7), 1420–1430. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14297
[2] Österbrand, M., Fors, H., & Ensio Norjavaara. (2023). Pharmacological treatment for pubertal progression in boys with delayed or slow progression of puberty: A small-scale randomized study with testosterone enanthate and testosterone undecanoate treatment. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1158219
Is there support available for managing side effects or other concerns during treatment with KYZATREX®?
Yes, if you experience any side effects or have concerns during your treatment, contact our support immediately. We provide continuous support to ensure your therapy is as effective and comfortable as possible. If you experience any side effects, contact your medical provider right away. Depending on the nature and severity of the side effects, your provider may adjust your treatment plan, which could include altering the dosage or frequency of your medication. Any changes in your prescription will be reflected in how your refills are processed.
Should I avoid KYZATREX® testosterone therapy if I have certain medical conditions?
), has been shown to increase blood pressure, particularly in men already on antihypertensive therapy [2]. Patients with pre-existing hypertension or cardiovascular conditions should be closely monitored, as TRT can be associated with higher cardiovascular risks, including an increased risk of ischemic heart disease and other cardiovascular events [7]. While some studies suggest that TRT does not increase the risk of prostate cancer recurrence or death after treatment for localized disease [1], it is generally contraindicated in men with advanced prostate cancer [5]. Regular monitoring of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels is recommended for men undergoing TRT [4], and TRT can exacerbate symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), leading to urinary retention and other complications [6]. Additionally, TRT can increase red blood cell count, leading to polycythemia, which can increase the risk of thromboembolic events, necessitating regular monitoring of hematocrit levels. Oral testosterone formulations, including KYZATREX®, can have hepatotoxic effects, so patients with pre-existing liver conditions should use TRT with caution and under strict medical supervision. TRT can also worsen sleep apnea [6], suppress spermatogenesis, leading to reduced fertility [3], and, although rare, increase the risk of male breast cancer [6]. It is crucial for patients to undergo a thorough medical evaluation and engage in shared decision-making with their healthcare provider to weigh the benefits and risks of TRT. Regular monitoring and follow-up are essential to ensure safety and efficacy.
[1] Sarkar, R. R., Patel, S. H., J. Kellogg Parsons, Deka, R., Kumar, A., Einck, J. P., Mundt, A. J., A. Karim Kader, Kane, C. J., Riviere, P., McKay, R., Murphy, J. D., & Rose, B. S. (2020). Testosterone therapy does not increase the risks of prostate cancer recurrence or death after definitive treatment for localized disease. Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases, 23(4), 689–695. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-020-0241-3
[2] White, W. B., Bernstein, J. S., Rittmaster, R., & Dhingra, O. (2021). Effects of the oral testosterone undecanoate KYZATREX®on ambulatory blood pressure in hypogonadal men. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 23(7), 1420–1430. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14297
[3] Desai, A., Yassin, M., Cayetano, A., Tharakan, T., Jayasena, C. N., & Minhas, S. (2022). Understanding and managing the suppression of spermatogenesis caused by testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and anabolic–androgenic steroids (AAS). Therapeutic Advances in Urology, 14, 175628722211050. https://doi.org/10.1177/17562872221105017
[4] Bhasin, S., Travison, T. G., Pencina, K. M., O’Leary, M., Cunningham, G. R., Lincoff, A. M., Nissen, S. E., Lucia, M. S., Preston, M. A., Khera, M., Khan, N., Snabes, M. C., Li, X., Tangen, C. M., Buhr, K. A., & Thompson, I. M., Jr. (2023). Prostate Safety Events During Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Men with Hypogonadism: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Network Open, 6(12), e2348692. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.48692
[5] Maatje, M. G. F., Dinkelman-Smit, M., Boellaard, W. P. A., & Dohle, G. R. (2018). [Testosterone therapy: indications and risks]. Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde, 162, D1947. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29303101/
[6] Luther, P. M., Spillers, N. J., Talbot, N. C., Sinnathamby, E. S., Ellison, D., Kelkar, R. A., Ahmadzadeh, S., Shekoohi, S., & Kaye, A. D. (2024). Testosterone replacement therapy: clinical considerations. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 25(1), 25–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2024.2306832
[7] Elsherbiny, A., Tricomi, M., Bhatt, D.V., & Dandapantula, H.K. (2017). ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE (D MUKHERJEE , SECTION EDITOR ) State-ofthe-Art : a Review of Cardiovascular Effects of Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Adult Males.
Is KYZATREX®safe for older men?
KYZATREX® appears to be a safe and effective option for testosterone replacement therapy in older men. Studies show that it has a stable cardiovascular profile with minimal increases in blood pressure and heart rate. It effectively increases testosterone levels and improves well-being without significant adverse effects [2]. However, it's important for older men to monitor their cardiovascular and prostate health regularly while on TRT. Consulting with a healthcare provider to discuss individual risks and benefits is crucial [1][3][4].
[1] Chrysant, S. G., & Chrysant, G. S. (2018). Cardiovascular benefits and risks of testosterone replacement therapy in older men with low testosterone. Hospital Practice, 46(2), 47–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/21548331.2018.1445405
[2] Merel, S. E., & Paauw, D. S. (2017). Common Drug Side Effects and Drug-Drug Interactions in Elderly Adults in Primary Care. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 65(7), 1578–1585. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.14870
[3] Bhasin, S., Singh, A. B., Mac, R. P., Carter, B., Lee, M. I., & Cunningham, G. R. (2003). Managing the Risks of Prostate Disease During Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Older Men: Recommendations for a Standardized Monitoring Plan. Journal of Andrology, 24(3), 299–311. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.2003.tb02676.x
[4] Hackett, G. I. (2015). Testosterone Replacement Therapy and Mortality in Older Men. Drug Safety, 39(2), 117–130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40264-015-0348-y
Is KYZATREX®safe for older women?
KYZATREX® is primarily designed for testosterone replacement therapy in men, and its safety for older women is not well-documented. While testosterone therapy for women can benefit sexual function, bone health, and possibly protect against breast cancer, it remains controversial and lacks FDA approval. The cardiovascular risks and long-term safety are still debated. Older women considering testosterone therapy should consult a healthcare provider to discuss potential risks and benefits and explore approved options tailored to their needs [1][2][3][4].
[1] Donovitz, G. S. (2022). A Personal Prospective on Testosterone Therapy in Women—What We Know in 2022. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 12(8), 1194. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081194
[2] Renke, G., & Tostes, F. (2023). Cardiovascular Safety and Benefits of Testosterone Implant Therapy in Postmenopausal Women: Where Are We? Pharmaceuticals, 16(4), 619. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16040619
[3] Donovitz, G., & Cotten, M. (2021). Breast Cancer Incidence Reduction in Women Treated with Subcutaneous Testosterone: Testosterone Therapy and Breast Cancer Incidence Study. European Journal of Breast Health, 17(2), 150–156. https://doi.org/10.4274/ejbh.galenos.2021.6213
[4] Davis, S. R., Baber, R., Panay, N., Bitzer, J., Perez, S. C., Islam, R. M., Kaunitz, A. M., Kingsberg, S. A., Lambrinoudaki, I., Liu, J., Parish, S. J., Pinkerton, J., Rymer, J., Simon, J. A., Vignozzi, L., & Wierman, M. E. (2019). Global Consensus Position Statement on the Use of Testosterone Therapy for Women. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 104(10), 4660–4666. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2019-01603
How does KYZATREX®compare to other testosterone replacement therapies?
KYZATREX® (oral testosterone) can slightly raise blood pressure, especially in people on blood pressure medication, with little effect on heart rate [1]. Intranasal testosterone gel (Natesto) has minimal impact on blood tests and low risk of increasing red blood cell count [6]. Intramuscular testosterone cypionate raises red blood cell levels more significantly, which can be risky [2][6]. Transdermal testosterone gel and long-acting intramuscular testosterone don't significantly increase heart problems [3][5]. Overall, KYZATREX® works well but needs blood pressure monitoring, especially for those with high blood pressure [1][4][5].
[1] White, W. B., Bernstein, J. S., Rittmaster, R., & Dhingra, O. (2021). Effects of the oral testosterone undecanoateKYZATREX® on ambulatory blood pressure in hypogonadal men. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 23(7), 1420–1430. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14297
[2] Rivero, M.-J., Ory, J., Diaz, P., Nannan Thirumavalavan, Han, S., Reis, I. M., & Ramasamy, R. (2023). Comparison of Hematocrit Change in Testosterone-deficient Men Treated with Intranasal Testosterone Gel vs Intramuscular Testosterone Cypionate: A Randomized Clinical Trial. The Journal of Urology, 210(1), 162–170. https://doi.org/10.1097/ju.0000000000003487
[3] A. Michael Lincoff, Bhasin, S., Panagiotis Flevaris, Mitchell, L. M., Shehzad Basaria, Boden, W. E., Cunningham, G. R., Granger, C. B., Khera, M., Thompson, I. M., Wang, Q., Wolski, K., Davey, D., Vidyasagar Kalahasti, Khan, N., Miller, M. G., Snabes, M. C., Chan, A., Dubcenco, E., & Li, X. (2023). Cardiovascular Safety of Testosterone-Replacement Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2215025
[4] Kovac, J. R., Rajanahally, S., Smith, R. P., Coward, R. M., Lamb, D. J., & Lipshultz, L. I. (2014). Patient Satisfaction with Testosterone Replacement Therapies: The Reasons Behind the Choices. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 11(2), 553–562. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsm.12369
[5] Zitzmann, M., Cremers, J. F., Krallmann, C., & Kliesch, S. (2022). The HEAT-Registry (HEmatopoietic Affection by Testosterone): comparison of a transdermal gel vs long-acting intramuscular testosterone undecanoate in hypogonadal men. The Aging Male, 25(1), 134–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/13685538.2022.2063830
[6] Best, J., Gonzalez, D., Masterson, T., Blachman-Braun, R., Pai, R., & Ramasamy, R. (2020). A cross-sectional comparison of secondary polycythemia in testosterone-deficient men treated with nasal testosterone gel vs. intramuscular testosterone cypionate. Canadian Urological Association Journal, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.6651
How is the KYZATREX® sent to me?
When you start your treatment, your prescription is generated after your first consultation and sent electronically to one of our partnered pharmacies. Your initial prescription typically includes a 30-day supply (120 tablets) with two refills.
What is the process for refilling my KYZATREX®?
After the initial period, refills are processed automatically. You'll receive communication about refilling your prescription when necessary.
When will my KYZATREX® be refilled?
Your medication will be refilled automatically. After the initial 30-day supply, the subsequent refills are scheduled to ensure there is no interruption in your therapy. The refills are processed 25 days after your initial and each subsequent visit, aligning with your treatment plan.
What if I run out of KYZATREX® refills?
After the initial prescription and two refills, you will need to be reassessed by your medical provider. This will align with your scheduled follow-up visits. During these visits, your medical provider will review your progress and lab results to determine if your prescription should be continued or adjusted.
How is my KYZATREX® refill sent to me?
Once your refill is processed, the pharmacy will ship your medication directly to the address that you provide. You do not need to take any action to initiate the shipping process; however, ensuring your address details are current in our system will help avoid any delivery issues.
Can I manually request a refill of KYZATREX® if I run out early?
Manual refill requests are not necessary and are not encouraged, as they can disrupt the carefully planned treatment protocol. If you believe you are running low on your medication due to unforeseen circumstances, please contact our support team to discuss your situation.
What should I do if there is a problem with my refill?
If you encounter any issues with your refill, such as not receiving it on time or receiving incorrect quantities, please contact our customer support immediately. Our team is here to ensure your treatment proceeds smoothly and will help resolve any issues promptly.
How do I find a lab near me?
To schedule routine lab work, visit LabCorp's website. Select "Routine Lab Work," then choose a lab. Finally, enter your zip code in the search bar to find a nearby location.
What information do I need to schedule an appointment?
You will need your personal details and contact information.
Can I choose a specific time for my appointment?
Yes, after selecting the lab location, you can choose an available date and time from the calendar.
What if I need to fast before my appointment?
You indicate whether you are fasting by selecting "Yes" or "No" during the appointment scheduling process.
What payment option do I put for financial details?
You will choose the “I have already paid or someone else is responsible” option as your payment with us covers your labs.
How do I confirm my appointment?
After reviewing all the entered information, click "Create Appointment". You will receive a confirmation screen with your appointment details.
How often are lab tests required?
Initial lab tests are conducted at the start, followed by additional tests at 90, 180 days, and then every 180 days.
What should I do if I receive lab instructions via email?
Follow the instructions sent via email for scheduling lab work at designated LabCorp facilities. You must ensure all scheduled tests are completed as instructed.
What tests should be included in my blood panel?
Labs include tests for T/Free T, CBC, SHBG, PSA, and Estradiol.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose of KYZATREX®, take the missed dose as soon as possible if you remember shortly after. However, if it is nearly time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and do not take a double dose to make up for it. Continue with your regular dosing schedule after taking the missed dose or skipping it. If you are unsure about what to do after missing a dose, or if you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for specific advice. Always refer to the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider or the medication's prescribing information.
What are the normal ranges for testosterone levels?
The normal ranges for testosterone levels can vary based on the method of measurement and the population being studied. For adult men, total testosterone levels typically range from 264 to 916 ng/dL in healthy, non-obese men aged 19 to 39 years, with calculated free testosterone levels ranging from 0.23 to 0.63 nmol/L [1][6]. In women, the upper reference range limit for total testosterone is less than 1.7 nmol/L. For premenopausal women, the estimated 5th and 95th percentiles for a 30-year-old woman are 15-46 ng/dL (520-1595 pmol/L) for total testosterone, 1.2-6.4 pg/mL (4.16-22.2 pmol/L) for free testosterone, 1.3-5.6 pg/mL (4.5-19.4 pmol/L) for calculated free testosterone, and 1.12-7.62 ng/dL (38.8-264.21 pmol/L) for bioavailable testosterone, with SHBG levels ranging from 18-86 nmol/L [4]. In specific populations, such as older men with low or low-normal testosterone levels, the range is defined as total testosterone between 100 to 400 ng/dL or free testosterone less than 50 pg/mL [2][5]. For aging men with low-normal testosterone levels, the range is 6-14 nmol/L [3]. The method of measurement, such as tandem mass spectrometry, can affect reference ranges due to its accuracy, with harmonized values for total testosterone in men aged 19 to 39 years being 264 to 916 ng/dL [1][6]. In summary, the normal ranges for testosterone levels are crucial for diagnosing conditions like hypogonadism and tailoring appropriate treatments. For adult men, total testosterone levels typically range from 264 to 916 ng/dL, while for women, the upper limit is less than 1.7 nmol/L, with variations based on age, sex, and specific populations.
[1] Neale, S. M., Hocking, R., Biswas, M., Turkes, A., Rees, D., Rees, D. A., & Evans, C. (2013). Adult testosterone and calculated free testosterone reference ranges by tandem mass spectrometry. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 50(2), 159–161. https://doi.org/10.1258/acb.2012.012047
[2] Basaria, S., Harman, S. M., Travison, T. G., Hodis, H., Tsitouras, P., Budoff, M., Pencina, K. M., Vita, J., Dzekov, C., Mazer, N. A., Coviello, A. D., Knapp, P. E., Hally, K., Pinjic, E., Yan, M., Storer, T. W., & Bhasin, S. (2015). Effects of Testosterone Administration for 3 Years on Subclinical Atherosclerosis Progression in Older Men with Low or Low-Normal Testosterone Levels. JAMA, 314(6), 570. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.8881
[3] Chasland, L. C., Yeap, B. B., Maiorana, A. J., Chan, Y. X., Maslen, B. A., Cooke, B. R., Dembo, L., Naylor, L. H., & Green, D. J. (2021). Testosterone and exercise: effects on fitness, body composition, and strength in middle-to-older aged men with low-normal serum testosterone levels. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 320(5), H1985–H1998. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00010.2021
[4] Braunstein, G. D., Reitz, R. E., Buch, A., Schnell, D., & Caulfield, M. P. (2011). Testosterone Reference Ranges in Normally Cycling Healthy Premenopausal Women. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 8(10), 2924–2934. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02380.x
[5] Huang, G., Pencina, K. M., Li, Z., Basaria, S., Bhasin, S., Travison, T. G., Storer, T. W., Harman, S. M., & Tsitouras, P. (2018). Long-Term Testosterone Administration on Insulin Sensitivity in Older Men with Low or Low-Normal Testosterone Levels. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 103(4), 1678–1685. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2017-02545
[6] Travison, T. G., Vesper, H. W., Orwoll, E., Wu, F., Kaufman, J. M., Wang, Y., Lapauw, B., Fiers, T., Matsumoto, A. M., & Bhasin, S. (2017). Harmonized Reference Ranges for Circulating Testosterone Levels in Men of Four Cohort Studies in the United States and Europe. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 102(4), 1161–1173. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-2935
What is T/Free T?
T/Free T refers to the ratio of total testosterone (T) to free testosterone (Free T) in the blood. This ratio is used to assess the levels of testosterone that are biologically active and available for use by the body, as opposed to testosterone that is bound to proteins and not readily available [6]. Total testosterone includes all the testosterone in the blood, both bound and unbound, with most of it bound to proteins such as sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and albumin, making it biologically inactive. Free testosterone, on the other hand, is the fraction of testosterone that is not bound to any proteins and is therefore biologically active. This form of testosterone can enter cells and exert its effects on various tissues [5]. The T/Free T ratio is important because it provides a more accurate picture of the hormonal status and potential clinical conditions than total testosterone alone [3]. For instance, in conditions like hypogonadism, the total testosterone levels might be normal, but the free testosterone levels could be low, indicating a deficiency in biologically active testosterone [1]. Several methods are used to measure free testosterone, including equilibrium dialysis (considered the gold standard but not suitable for routine clinical use), direct immunoassay (which may not be as accurate) [6], calculated free testosterone derived from total testosterone and SHBG concentrations [7], and the Free Androgen Index (FAI), which is the ratio of total testosterone to SHBG, providing an estimate of free testosterone levels [4]. Accurate measurement of free testosterone is crucial for diagnosing and managing conditions like hypogonadism, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and other endocrine disorders [2]. Standardization and validation of these measurement methods are essential for reliable clinical assessment [6].
[1] Carlström, K., Gershagen, S., & Rannevik, G. (1987). Free Testosterone and Testosterone/SHBG Index in Hirsute Women: A Comparison of Diagnostic Accuracy. Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation, 24(4), 256–261. https://doi.org/10.1159/000298811
[2] El-Eshmawy, M. M., Ibrahim, A., Bahriz, R., Shams-Eldin, N., & Mahsoub, N. (2022). Serum uric acid/creatinine ratio and free androgen index are synergistically associated with increased risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in obese women. BMC Endocrine Disorders, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-022-01240-y
[3] Cumming, D. C., & Wall, S. R. (1985). Non-Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin-Bound Testosterone as a Marker for Hyperandrogenism*. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 61(5), 873–876. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-61-5-873
[4] Patil, P., Neevan D'Souza, Ghate, S. D., Lakshmi Nagendra, & Girijashankar, H. B. (2022). Free-androgen Index in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU, 13(03), 380–388. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757445
[5] Abouroab, A. S., Ismail, S. R., & Marzok, H. F. A. (2021). Free Serum Testosterone Versus Total Testosterone/Estradiol Ratio in Low Sexual Desire in Old Men. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 83(1), 1062–1067. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2021.160618
[6] Vermeulen, A., Verdonck, L., & Kaufman, J. M. (1999). A critical evaluation of simple methods for the estimation of free testosterone in serum. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 84(10), 3666–3672. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.84.10.6079
[7] Reinhardt, W., Patschan, D., Pietruck, F., Philipp, T., Janssen, O. E., Mann, K., Friedrich Jockenhövel, & Witzke, O. (2005). Free Androgen Index Is Superior to Total Testosterone for Short-Term Assessment of the Gonadal Axis after Renal Transplantation. Hormone Research in Paediatrics, 64(5), 248–252. https://doi.org/10.1159/000089292
What are healthy T/Free T numbers?
Healthy testosterone (T) and free testosterone (Free T) levels can vary based on age, health status, and other factors. Here is a summary of the findings from the provided sources regarding healthy T and Free T levels:
Total Testosterone (T) Levels
- Total testosterone levels in healthy men typically range from 300 to 1,000 ng/dL. This range is supported by the study on the correlation between vitamin D and testosterone levels in young, healthy men, which provides a baseline for healthy testosterone levels. [1]
- The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging found that total testosterone levels decline with age, with significant decreases observed in men over 60, 70, and 80 years old. The incidence of hypogonadal T levels (below the normal range) increased to about 20% of men over 60, 30% over 70, and 50% over 80 years of age [2].
Free Testosterone (Free T) Levels
- Free testosterone is the fraction of testosterone not bound to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and is biologically active. Healthy free testosterone levels are generally considered to be between 50 to 210 pg/mL. This range is consistent with findings from studies that emphasize the importance of free testosterone in diagnosing hypogonadism [3][4].
- Similar to total testosterone, free testosterone levels also decline with age. The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging reported an average annual decrease in free testosterone index (free T index = T/SHBG) of -0.0049 nmol T/nmol SHBG per year [2].
- The European Male Ageing Study highlighted that low free testosterone is associated with hypogonadal signs and symptoms even in men with normal total testosterone levels. This underscores the importance of measuring free testosterone in addition to total testosterone for a more accurate diagnosis of hypogonadism. Additionally, the study on the usefulness of routine assessment of free testosterone for diagnosing functional male hypogonadism found that free testosterone levels significantly correlated with clinical and biochemical parameters of androgen deficiency better than total testosterone levels. [3]
[1] Książek, A., Mędraś, M., Zagrodna, A., Słowińska-Lisowska, M., & Lwow, F. (2021). Correlative studies on vitamin D and total, free bioavailable testosterone levels in young, healthy men. Scientific Reports, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99571-8
[2] Harman, S. M., Metter, E. J., Tobin, J. D., Pearson, J., & Blackman, M. R. (2001). Longitudinal Effects of Aging on Serum Total and Free Testosterone Levels in Healthy Men. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 86(2), 724–731. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.86.2.7219
[3] Facondo, P., Di Lodovico, E., Pezzaioli, L. C., Cappelli, C., Ferlin, A., & Delbarba, A. (2022). Usefulness of routine assessment of free testosterone for the diagnosis of functional male hypogonadism. The Aging Male, 25(1), 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/13685538.2022.2046727
[4] Winters, S. J. (2020). SHBG and total testosterone levels in men with adult-onset hypogonadism: what are we overlooking? Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40842-020-00106-3
What is CBC?
A Complete Blood Count (CBC) is a common and comprehensive blood test that evaluates overall health and detects a wide range of disorders, including anemia, infection, and many other diseases. The CBC measures several components and features of the blood, including white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), and platelets. WBCs are part of the immune system and help fight infections; the CBC measures the total number of WBCs and can also provide a differential count, which breaks down the different types of white blood cells (e.g., neutrophils, lymphocytes) [1]. RBCs carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and return carbon dioxide to the lungs to be exhaled. The CBC measures the total number of RBCs and several related parameters, such as hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and red cell distribution width (RDW) [2]. Platelets are small cell fragments that play a crucial role in blood clotting, and the CBC measures the number of platelets as well as additional parameters such as mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) [3][4]. The CBC is a valuable diagnostic tool in various clinical settings. Elevated WBC counts can indicate infection or inflammation, while specific patterns in the differential count can help identify the type of infection (e.g., bacterial vs. viral) [1]. Low RBC counts, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels can indicate anemia, while MCV, MCH, and MCHC values can help determine the type of anemia [2]. Abnormalities in the number or appearance of blood cells can indicate blood disorders such as leukemia or clotting disorders [4][5]. Additionally, CBC parameters can be useful in monitoring chronic conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and rheumatic disorders [3][4]. The CBC is relatively inexpensive, widely available, and provides a broad overview of a patient's hematological health. While the CBC is a powerful tool, it is not specific for any one disease and must be interpreted in the context of the patient's overall clinical picture and other diagnostic tests [2][4].
[1] Zafer Bagci, Ayşe Ruveyda Ugur, & Cüneyt Ugur. (2021). Evaluation of CBC Parameters in Relation to PCR Test Results in Diagnosing Pediatric COVID-19 Disease. Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 16(06), 278–284. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1733867
[2] Agnello, L., Giglio, R. V., Bivona, G., Scazzone, C., Gambino, C. M., Iacona, A., Ciaccio, A. M., Lo Sasso, B., & Ciaccio, M. (2021). The Value of a Complete Blood Count (CBC) for Sepsis Diagnosis and Prognosis. Diagnostics, 11(10), 1881. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11101881
[3] Seo, I.-H., & Lee, Y.-J. (2022). Usefulness of Complete Blood Count (CBC) to Assess Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases in Clinical Settings: A Comprehensive Literature Review. Biomedicines, 10(11), 2697. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10112697
[4] Shahrabi, S., Saki, N., Safa, M., & Pezeshki, S. M. S. (2023). Complete Blood Count Test in Rheumatology: Not Just a Screening Test. Clinical Laboratory, 69(6). https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2022.221012
What are healthy CBC numbers?
Healthy Complete Blood Count (CBC) numbers typically fall within the following ranges:
Red Blood Cells (RBC)
- Men: 4.7 to 6.1 million cells per microliter (cells/mcL)
- Women: 4.2 to 5.4 million cells/mcL
Hemoglobin (Hgb)
- Men: 13.8 to 17.2 grams per deciliter (g/dL)
- Women: 12.1 to 15.1 g/dL
Hematocrit (Hct)
- Men: 40.7% to 50.3%
- Women: 36.1% to 44.3%
White Blood Cells (WBC)
- Both sexes: 4,500 to 11,000 cells per microliter (cells/mcL)
Platelets
- Both sexes: 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter (platelets/mcL)
Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)
- Both sexes: 80 to 100 femtoliters (fL)
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)
- Both sexes: 27 to 33 picograms (pg)
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)
- Both sexes: 32 to 36 grams per deciliter (g/dL)
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)
- Both sexes: 11.5% to 14.5%
These ranges can vary slightly depending on the laboratory and the population being tested. [1][2]
[1] American Association for Clinical Chemistry. (n.d.). Complete Blood Count (CBC) - Understand the Test & Your Results. Lab Tests Online. Retrieved from https://www.testing.com/tests/complete-blood-count-cbc/
[2] Merck Manual Professional Version. (n.d.). Normal Laboratory Values. Retrieved from https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/resources/normal-laboratory-values/normal-laboratory-values.
What is SHBG?
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in the transport and regulation of sex hormones in the bloodstream. It primarily binds to androgens, such as testosterone, and estrogens, thereby regulating their bioavailability and activity in the body. SHBG binds to sex hormones, particularly testosterone and estradiol, and transports them in the bloodstream. This binding regulates the amount of free (bioavailable) hormones that can interact with target tissues and exert biological effects. By binding to sex hormones, SHBG controls their access to tissues and cells. Only the unbound (free) fraction of these hormones is biologically active and can interact with hormone receptors [7]. Additionally, SHBG levels have been associated with various metabolic and renal functions. For instance, lower SHBG levels have been linked to worse biometric, lipid, liver, and renal function parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) [6]. Moreover, SHBG levels have been found to be associated with kidney function in both men and women, with lower levels correlating with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and higher risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) [2][3][5]. SHBG is clinically relevant in various health contexts. Certain chemicals, such as hexaconazole, have been shown to interact with SHBG, potentially disrupting normal endocrine functions. Hexaconazole, a fungicide, has demonstrated stable molecular interaction with SHBG, which may interfere with the binding of natural hormones and lead to endocrine disruption [1]. Studies have shown that SHBG levels are positively associated with kidney function, with higher levels associated with better eGFR and lower risk of CKD in men [2][5]. In women, SHBG levels have also been linked to kidney function, although the associations can vary based on other factors such as age and metabolic health [3]. Additionally, SHBG levels are associated with lipid profiles and cardiometabolic health. Higher SHBG levels have been linked to better lipid profiles, including higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and lower triglycerides and non-HDL cholesterol [4][6].
[1] Alquraini, A. (2023). Potency of Hexaconazole to Disrupt Endocrine Function with Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(4), 3882–3882. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043882
[2] Zhang, H., Chen, C., Zhang, X., Wang, Y., Wan, H., Chen, Y., Zhang, W., Xia, F., Lu, Y., & Wang, N. (2022). Association between sex hormone-binding globulin and kidney function in men: results from the SPECT-China study. Chinese Medical Journal, 135(17), 2083–2088. https://doi.org/10.1097/cm9.0000000000002046
[3] Hui, L., Nano, J., Prehn, C., Cecil, A., Rathmann, W., Zeller, T., Lechner, A., Adamski, J., Peters, A., & Thorand, B. (2022). Associations of endogenous androgens and sex hormone-binding globulin with kidney function and chronic kidney disease. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.1000650
[4] Azene, Z. N., Davis, S. R., McNeil, J. J., Tonkin, A. M., Handelsman, D. J., & Islam, R. M. (2023). Estrone, sex hormone binding globulin and lipid profiles in older women: an observational study. Climacteric: The Journal of the International Menopause Society, 26(2), 114–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2023.2165908
[5] Zhao, J. V., & Schooling, C. M. (2020). Sex-specific Associations of Sex Hormone Binding Globulin with CKD and Kidney Function: A Univariable and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study in the UK Biobank. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 32(3), 686–694. https://doi.org/10.1681/asn.2020050659
[6] Luo, X., Yang, X.-M., Cai, W.-Y., Chang, H., Ma, H.-L., Peng, Y., & Wu, X.-K. (2020). Decreased Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin Indicated Worse Biometric, Lipid, Liver, and Renal Function Parameters in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. International Journal of Endocrinology, 2020, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7580218
[7] N. Narinx, David, K., J. Walravens, Vermeersch, P., Claessens, F., Fiers, T., B. Lapauw, Antonio, L., & D. Vanderschueren. (2022). Role of sex hormone-binding globulin in the free hormone hypothesis and the relevance of free testosterone in androgen physiology. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 79(11). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-022-04562-1
What are healthy SHBG numbers?
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels can vary based on several factors, including age, sex, and health status. However, general reference ranges for SHBG in the healthy population are typically as follows:
- Men: 10-57 nmol/L
- Women (premenopausal): 18-114 nmol/L
- Women (postmenopausal): 14-75 nmol/L
These ranges can vary slightly depending on the laboratory and the specific assay used. It is important to note that SHBG levels can be influenced by various conditions and medications, so individual results should be interpreted in the context of overall health and other laboratory findings. [1][2][3]
[1] Aribas, E., Kavousi, M., Laven, J. S. E., Ikram, M. A., & Roeters van Lennep, J. E. (2021). Aging, Cardiovascular Risk, and SHBG Levels in Men and Women from the General Population. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 106(10), 2890–2900. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab470
[2] SHBG Blood Test, Symptoms of High Levels & How to Lower. (2019, October 30). SelfDecode Labs. https://labs.selfdecode.com/blog/sex-hormone-binding-globulin-shbg/
[3] Maggio, M., Lauretani, F., Basaria, S., Ceda, G. P., Bandinelli, S., Metter, E. J., Bos, A. J., Ruggiero, C., Ceresini, G., Paolisso, G., Artoni, A., Valenti, G., Guralnik, J. M., & Ferrucci, L. (2008). Sex hormone binding globulin levels across the adult lifespan in women - The role of body mass index and fasting insulin. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 31(7), 597–601. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2648802/
What is PSA?
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by both normal and malignant cells of the prostate gland, commonly measured through a blood test. It is primarily used to screen for prostate cancer, monitor treatment effectiveness, and detect recurrence of the disease. PSA testing is a crucial tool for early detection of prostate cancer. Elevated levels of PSA in the blood can indicate the presence of prostate cancer, although other conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatitis can also cause increased PSA levels [1][2]. Specific PSA thresholds guide clinical decisions. For example, PSA concentrations of ≤ 4.1 μg/L for men under 65 and ≤ 3.7 μg/L for men 65 and older can exclude advanced prostate cancer in patients without glandular inflammation. Conversely, PSA levels > 5.7 μg/L for men under 65 and > 6.1 μg/L for men 65 and older suggest the need for a biopsy [2]. Various factors can influence PSA levels and the likelihood of undergoing PSA testing. For example, men with a history of ischemic heart disease (IHD) are more likely to have been tested for PSA compared to those without IHD [1]. PSA levels are used to monitor the effectiveness of prostate cancer treatments. A significant decline in PSA levels during treatment with apalutamide and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is associated with longer survival and improved outcomes in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer [6]. After treatments like radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy, specific PSA thresholds are used to define biochemical recurrence. A PSA level of ≥ 0.2 ng/mL is commonly used to report biochemical relapse after radical prostatectomy, while a threshold of 2 ng/mL above the post-treatment nadir is used for external beam radiotherapy or brachytherapy [3][5]. False positive findings can occur in PSA testing, particularly with advanced imaging techniques like PET/CT scans using PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals, which can complicate the interpretation of PSA levels post-treatment [4].
[1] Panzone, J., Welch, C., Wu, M. S., Jacob, J. M., Shapiro, O., Basnet, A., Gennady Bratslavsky, & Goldberg, H. (2022). What is the impact of ischemic heart disease on PSA testing? Journal of Clinical Oncology, 40(16_suppl), e17014–e17014. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e17014
[2] Ferraro, S., Bussetti, M., Bassani, N., Rossi, R. S., Incarbone, G. P., Bianchi, F., Maggioni, M., Runza, L., Ceriotti, F., & Panteghini, M. (2021). Definition of Outcome-Based Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Thresholds for Advanced Prostate Cancer Risk Prediction. Cancers, 13(14), 3381. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13143381
[3] Uribe, J., Uribe‐Lewis, S., Khaksar, S., Perna, C., Mikropoulos, C., Otter, S., Laing, R., & Langley, S. (2020). Low‐Dose‐Rate Prostate Brachytherapy (LDR‐PB) adopts postsurgical PSA value for definition of cure. BJUI Compass, 2(1), 9–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/bco2.49
[4] Orevi, M., Ben-Haim, S., Galith Abourbeh, Alexandre Chicheportiche, Eyal Mishani, Vladimir Yutkin, & Gofrit, O. N. (2022). False Positive Findings of [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT in Patients After Radical Prostatectomy with Undetectable Serum PSA Levels. Frontiers in Surgery, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2022.943760
[5] Coelho, M. O., Dal Col, L. S., Capibaribe, D. M., Salgado, C. M., Travassos, T. C., Junior, V. J., Monti, C. R., & Reis, L. O. (2022). PSA nadir predicts biochemical recurrence after external beam radiation therapy combined to high dose rate brachytherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Urology, 10(1), 52–62. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35291420/
[6] Chowdhury, S., Anders Bjartell, Agarwal, N., Chung, B. H., Given, R. W., Pereira, A. J., Merseburger, A. S., Mustafa Özgüroğlu, Álvaro Juárez Soto, Uemura, H., Ye, D.-W., Brookman-May, S. D., Anil Londhe, Bhaumik, A., Mundle, S. D., Larsen, J. S., McCarthy, S. A., & Chi, K. N. (2024). Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline with apalutamide therapy is associated with longer survival and improved outcomes in individuals with metastatic prostate cancer: a plain language summary of the TITAN study. Future Oncology, 20(10), 563–578. https://doi.org/10.2217/fon-2023-0649
What are healthy PSA numbers?
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels are used as a biomarker for prostate health, and their interpretation can vary based on age and other factors. Here are the general reference ranges for healthy PSA levels based on age:
- Men aged 40-49 years: Up to 2.5 ng/mL
- Men aged 50-59 years: Up to 3.5 ng/mL
- Men aged 60-69 years: Up to 4.5 ng/mL
- Men aged 70-79 years: Up to 6.5 ng/mL
These ranges are derived from various studies and can vary slightly depending on the population and the specific assay used. It is also important to note that PSA levels can be influenced by various factors, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostatitis, and recent ejaculation. Therefore, elevated PSA levels do not necessarily indicate prostate cancer, and further diagnostic evaluation, such as a digital rectal exam (DRE) or prostate biopsy, may be necessary to determine the cause of elevated PSA levels. [1][2][3]
[1] Nakanishi, H., Nakao, M., Nomoto, T., Miki, T., Nakagawa, S., Kitamura, K., & Watanabe, H. (1999). [The investigation of age-specific PSA reference range as the cut-off values in the mass screening for prostatic cancer]. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi. The Japanese Journal of Urology, 90(11), 853–858. https://doi.org/10.5980/jpnjurol1989.90.853
[2] Gupta, A., Gupta, D., Raizada, A., Gupta, N. P., Yadav, R., Vinayak, K., & Tewari, V. (2014). A hospital-based study on reference range of serum prostate specific antigen levels. The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 140(4), 507–512. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4277136/
[3] What Is a Normal PSA Level by Age? High Level and Chart. (n.d.). MedicineNet. https://www.medicinenet.com/what_is_a_normal_psa_level_by_age/article.htm
What is Estradiol?
Estradiol (E2), also known as 17β-estradiol, is a steroid hormone and the primary form of estrogen in humans. It plays a crucial role in regulating reproductive and sexual functions in both females and males. In premenopausal women, estradiol is the most potent estrogen produced by the ovaries and is vital for maintaining fertility and secondary sexual characteristics. Estradiol binds to specific nuclear receptors in various tissues, including the reproductive tract, breast, pituitary, hypothalamus, liver, and bone, thereby activating the transcription of genes involved in reproductive and secondary sexual characteristics. Its functions extend beyond the reproductive system, influencing bone density, cardiovascular health, cognitive function, and skin health by promoting collagen production and maintaining skin thickness and moisture. In men, estradiol is produced from testosterone through a process called aromatization, where the enzyme aromatase converts testosterone to estradiol. Estradiol in men plays a role in maintaining bone density, modulating libido and erectile function, and contributing to cardiovascular health by affecting lipid metabolism and vascular function. When testosterone levels are low, there is less substrate for aromatase to convert into estradiol, leading to lower estradiol levels. This imbalance can contribute to symptoms associated with low testosterone, such as decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, reduced bone density, and mood disturbances. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) can help normalize both testosterone and estradiol levels in men, but it is crucial to monitor estradiol levels to avoid potential complications like gynecomastia and cardiovascular issues. Elevated estradiol levels are a risk factor for certain cancers, including breast cancer, and can have environmental impacts, affecting aquatic life and potentially entering the human water supply. [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, 10]
[1] Pescatori, S., Berardinelli, F., Albanesi, J., Ascenzi, P., Marino, M., Antoccia, A., Alessandra di Masi, & Filippo Acconcia. (2021). A Tale of Ice and Fire: The Dual Role for 17β-Estradiol in Balancing DNA Damage and Genome Integrity. Cancers, 13(7), 1583–1583. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13071583
[2] Estradiol Vaginal Ring. (2020). Definitions. https://doi.org/10.32388/6x8uj3
[3] Lee, Y.-S., Feng, C.-W., Peng, M.-Y., Chan, T.-F., & Chen, Y.-C. (2021). Neuroprotective Effects of Estradiol plus Lithium Chloride via Anti-Apoptosis and Neurogenesis Pathway in In Vitro and In Vivo Parkinson’s Disease Models. Parkinson’s Disease, 2021, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3064892
[4] Chimchirian, R. F., Suri, R. P. S., & Fu, H. (2007). Free Synthetic and Natural Estrogen Hormones in Influent and Effluent of Three Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants. Water Environment Research, 79(9), 969–974. https://doi.org/10.2175/106143007x175843
[5] Therapeutic Estradiol. (2020). Definitions. https://doi.org/10.32388/94lu85
[6] Estradiol Hemihydrate. (2020). Definitions. https://doi.org/10.32388/lr1h7d
[7] Geraci, A., Calvani, R., Ferri, E., Marzetti, E., Arosio, B., & Cesari, M. (2021). Sarcopenia and Menopause: The Role of Estradiol. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.682012
[8] Schmitz, D., Ek, W. E., Berggren, E., Höglund, J., Karlsson, T., & Johansson, Å. (2021). Genome-wide Association Study of Estradiol Levels and the Causal Effect of Estradiol on Bone Mineral Density. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 106(11), e4471–e4486. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab507
[9] Ramasamy, R., Schulster, M., & Bernie, A. (2016). The role of estradiol in male reproductive function. Asian Journal of Andrology, 18(3), 435. https://doi.org/10.4103/1008-682x.173932
[10] Cooke, P. S., Nanjappa, M. K., Ko, C., Prins, G. S., & Hess, R. A. (2017). Estrogens in Male Physiology. Physiological Reviews, 97(3), 995–1043. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00018.2016
What are healthy Estradiol numbers?
Estradiol (E2), also known as 17β-estradiol, is a steroid hormone and the primary form of estrogen in humans. It plays a crucial role in regulating reproductive and sexual functions in both females and males. In premenopausal women, estradiol is the most potent estrogen produced by the ovaries and is vital for maintaining fertility and secondary sexual characteristics. Estradiol binds to specific nuclear receptors in various tissues, including the reproductive tract, breast, pituitary, hypothalamus, liver, and bone, thereby activating the transcription of genes involved in reproductive and secondary sexual characteristics. Its functions extend beyond the reproductive system, influencing bone density, cardiovascular health, cognitive function, and skin health by promoting collagen production and maintaining skin thickness and moisture. In men, estradiol is produced from testosterone through a process called aromatization, where the enzyme aromatase converts testosterone to estradiol. Estradiol in men plays a role in maintaining bone density, modulating libido and erectile function, and contributing to cardiovascular health by affecting lipid metabolism and vascular function. When testosterone levels are low, there is less substrate for aromatase to convert into estradiol, leading to lower estradiol levels. This imbalance can contribute to symptoms associated with low testosterone, such as decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, reduced bone density, and mood disturbances. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) can help normalize both testosterone and estradiol levels in men, but it is crucial to monitor estradiol levels to avoid potential complications like gynecomastia and cardiovascular issues. Elevated estradiol levels are a risk factor for certain cancers, including breast cancer, and can have environmental impacts, affecting aquatic life and potentially entering the human water supply. [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, 10]
Healthy estradiol levels vary significantly based on factors such as age, sex, and physiological conditions. Here is a summary of the reference ranges for estradiol levels in different populations:
Estradiol Levels in Women:
- Premenopausal Women
- Estradiol levels fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle:
- Follicular Phase (beginning of the cycle): 20-150 pg/mL
- Ovulation (mid-cycle): 150-450 pg/mL
- Luteal Phase (after ovulation): 100-250 pg/mL
- Postmenopausal Women
- Typical Range: Less than 20-30 pg/mL
Estradiol Levels in Men:
- Typical Range: 10-40 pg/mL
Estradiol Levels During Pregnancy:
Estradiol levels increase significantly during pregnancy:
- First Trimester: 188-2497 pg/mL
- Second Trimester: 1278-7192 pg/mL
- Third Trimester: 6137-3460 pg/mL
Athletes:
- Physically active male athletes show a chronic increase in testosterone with concurrent physiological increases in estradiol.
Analytical Methods and Variability
- The variability in estradiol levels can be attributed to differences in analytical methods. Highly sensitive and specific methods, such as LC-MS/MS, are recommended for accurate measurement.
[1] Estradiol blood test Information | Mount Sinai - New York. (n.d.). Mount Sinai Health System. https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/tests/estradiol-blood-test
[2] Normal Estradiol Levels by Age: Understanding Hormonal Balance. (2023, August 20). https://wowrxpharmacy.com/blog/womens-health/normal-estradiol-levels-by-age/#:~:text=Normal%20Estradiol%20levels%20in%20an%20adult%20male%20are
[3] Chen, T., Wu, F., Wang, X., Ma, G., Xuan, X., Tang, R., Ding, S., & Lu, J. (2020). Different levels of estradiol are correlated with sexual dysfunction in adult men. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 12660. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69712-6
[4] Cadegiani, F., Abrao, T. P. C., da Silva, P. L. H., & Kater, C. E. (2020). MON-LB305 The “Normal” Hormonal Levels in Athletes: Should Reference Ranges Be Adapted for the Physically Active Population?. Journal of the Endocrine Society, 4(Supplement_1). https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.2321
What lifestyle changes can help with low testosterone?
Certain lifestyle changes can significantly impact testosterone levels, particularly in aging men. Weight management is crucial; studies show that weight loss is associated with increased testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels, while weight gain leads to a decrease in these hormones. Obesity-induced hypogonadism can be mitigated by weight loss, as shown by a meta-analysis indicating significant increases in testosterone levels in obese men who lost weight [1][3]. Dietary changes also play a role; the effects of low-carbohydrate diets on testosterone levels are mixed, with short-term increases in cortisol levels possibly negatively impacting testosterone, while high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets have been shown to decrease resting testosterone levels. Additionally, diets low in fat combined with exercise can reduce serum hormones, including testosterone, but may also reduce prostate cancer cell growth [2][7]. Regular exercise, especially resistance training and high-volume moderate-intensity exercise, has been shown to increase testosterone levels. A study found that higher volumes of exercise significantly increased testosterone and improved sexual function in obese men [9]. Combining exercise with dietary interventions, such as a very-low-calorie diet, enhances the benefits on testosterone levels and overall health by maintaining lean body mass and improving glucose tolerance [10]. Smoking cessation is also important, as quitting smoking is associated with a greater decline in testosterone levels compared to non-smokers, suggesting a direct impact of smoking on testosterone levels [1]. Metabolic and bariatric surgeries, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG), significantly increase testosterone levels in men with obesity and improve inflammatory and endothelial biomarkers [4][6][8]. Managing comorbid conditions like metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes is also critical, as lifestyle interventions, including diet and exercise, can improve glycemic control and metabolic health, increasing testosterone levels [5]. Regular monitoring and consultation with healthcare providers are essential to tailor these interventions to individual needs.
[1] Camacho, E. M., Huhtaniemi, I. T., O’Neill, T. W., Finn, J. D., Pye, S. R., Lee, D. M., Tajar, A., Bartfai, G., Boonen, S., Casanueva, F. F., Forti, G., Giwercman, A., Han, T. S., Kula, K., Keevil, B., Lean, M. E., Pendleton, N., Punab, M., Vanderschueren, D., & Wu, F. C. W. (2013). Age-associated changes in hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular function in middle-aged and older men are modified by weight change and lifestyle factors: longitudinal results from the European Male Ageing Study. European Journal of Endocrinology, 168(3), 445–455. https://doi.org/10.1530/eje-12-0890
[2] Whittaker, J., & Harris, M. (2022). Low-carbohydrate diets and men’s cortisol and testosterone: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition and Health, 026010602210830. https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060221083079
[3] Gie Ken‐Dror, Fluck, D., Christopher Henry Fry, & Thang Sieu Han. (2023). Meta‐analysis and construction of simple‐to‐use nomograms for approximating testosterone levels gained from weight loss in obese men. Andrology, 12(2), 297–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.13484
[4] Cobeta, P., Pariente, R., Osorio, A., Marchan, M., Blázquez, L., Pestaña, D., Galindo, J., & Botella-Carretero, J. I. (2022). The Beneficial Changes on Inflammatory and Endothelial Biomarkers Induced by Metabolic Surgery Decreases the Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Men. Biomolecules, 12(12), 1827–1827. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12121827
[5] Heufelder, A. E., Saad, F., Bunck, M. C., & Gooren, L. (2009). Fifty-two-Week Treatment With Diet and Exercise Plus Transdermal Testosterone Reverses the Metabolic Syndrome and Improves Glycemic Control in Men With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes and Subnormal Plasma Testosterone. Journal of Andrology, 30(6), 726–733. https://doi.org/10.2164/jandrol.108.007005
[6] Ann-Cathrin Koschker, & Seyfried, F. (2023). Comment on: The male patient with obesity undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery: changes in testosterone levels correlate with weight loss after one-anastomosis gastric bypass and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases, 19(7), 705–706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2023.01.009
[7] Tymchuk, C. N., Barnard, R. J., Ngo, T. H., & Aronson, W. J. (2002). Role of Testosterone, Estradiol, and Insulin in Diet- and Exercise-Induced Reductions in Serum-Stimulated Prostate Cancer Cell Growth In Vitro. Nutrition and Cancer, 42(1), 112–116. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327914nc421_15
[8] Jedamzik, J., Bichler, C., Daniel Moritz Felsenreich, Brugger, J., Jakob Eichelter, Nixdorf, L., Krebs, M., Itariu, B., Langer, F. B., & Prager, G. (2023). The male patient with obesity undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery: changes in testosterone levels correlate with weight loss after one-anastomosis gastric bypass and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases, 19(7), 699–705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2022.12.034
[9] Khoo, J., Tian, H.-H., Tan, B., Chew, K., Ng, C.-S., Leong, D., Teo, R. C.-C., & Chen, R. Y.-T. (2013). Comparing Effects of Low- and High-Volume Moderate-Intensity Exercise on Sexual Function and Testosterone in Obese Men. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 10(7), 1823–1832. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsm.12154
[10] Krotkiewski, M., Toss, L., Björntorp, P., & Holm, G. (1981). The effect of a very-low-calorie diet with and without chronic exercise on thyroid and sex hormones, plasma proteins, oxygen uptake, insulin and c peptide concentrations in obese women. International Journal of Obesity, 5(3), 287–293. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7024157/
Can I stop KYZATREX® testosterone therapy if I feel better?
Stopping KYZATREX® testosterone therapy should not be done abruptly or without medical supervision, even if you feel better. Consult your healthcare provider before making any changes, as sudden discontinuation can lead to the return of symptoms like fatigue, decreased libido, mood swings, and reduced muscle mass, as well as hormonal imbalances. If discontinuation is necessary, a gradual reduction in dosage under medical supervision is recommended. Regular follow-up appointments and monitoring are essential to manage discontinuation safely. Additionally, incorporating lifestyle changes such as weight management, regular exercise, a balanced diet, and stress reduction can help maintain health after stopping therapy. Always seek medical advice before altering your therapy regimen.
What should I do if I experience side effects from KYZATREX®?
Please report any side effects to your medical provider immediately. They may adjust your treatment or take additional measures to manage side effects.
How does the voucher system work with the KYZATREX® program?
Upon visiting the page for the KYZATREX® Low-T program, if you choose to provide your email address, you'll receive a voucher valid for one month of free product which can be redeemed during the payment process.
What happens if there's a payment failure?
In the event of a payment failure, you'll be notified via email for your next steps. Additionally, our support team will be informed and will reach out to you to assist in resolving the issue to prevent disruption in your treatment plan.
What should I expect in terms of payment processing and receipt communication?
Once you've made a payment, the outcome will be communicated to you via email. Our platform uses Stripe for processing payments, and notifications are sent out for both successful transactions and failures.
What are the costs associated with the KYZATREX® program?
The initial costs for the KYZATREX® program are $99 for walk-in labs or $129 for the at-home lab kit. If approved for the program based on the medical provider's analysis of your blood results, there is a recurring cost of $229 which includes the cost of medication and required maintenance lab tests (walk-ins) and doctor visits. The recurring cost will be $259 if you choose the at-home lab kit option. Walk-in labs from LabCorp are currently not available in New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Connecticut.
When is the initial payment authorized?
The initial payment will be authorized after checkout following your initial treatment protocol questionnaire.
When is payment processed for refills?
Payment for refills is automatically authorized every month to the card linked to your Stripe account.
Appointment:
1. Finding a Lab Near You
- Go to https://www.labcorp.com/labs-and-appointments
- Select Routine Lab work
- Select Lab
- Enter your zip code in the search bar.
2. Selecting a Lab Location
- From the search results, choose a convenient lab location.
- Click on the "Make Appointment" button next to your preferred location.
3. Scheduling an Appointment
- Review the location details to ensure accuracy.
- Select whether you are fasting (if applicable) by choosing "Yes" or "No".
- Click "Choose Date and Time" to select an available slot.
- Pick a date and time that suits your schedule from the calendar and time options.
- Confirm your selection and click "Next".
4. Entering Patient Information
- Fill in your personal information, including: